Centrifugal pump.



G.- H. GIBSON.

GBNTRIPUGAL' PIUMP". APPLICATION P11121) JAN. 1o. 1910.

' Patented June-16,1914.

'ATENT oFFioE.

GEORGE GIBSON, 0F MONTQLAIR, NEW JERSEY,ASSIGNOR T0 HIIVISELFAND PAUL A. BANCEL OF NEW YORK, N. Y. f l y CENTRIFU'G-AL PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 16, 1914 Application led January 10, 1910. Serial No. 537,15*?.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it lmown that I, GEORGE H. Giesen, a citizen of the United States,-residing at ltontclair, in the county of Essex and State of New-Jersey, have invented an Improvement in Centrifugal Pumps, of which theI following is a specification. A u y Heretofore rotary pumps for handling air as well as water, have been constructed in divers ways. I am aware for example, that rotary pumps have been made with an impeller provided with series of alternate and intermediate passages or buckets, in which thel alternate passages deliver air and the intermediate passages deliver water to chani nels provided toreceive these discharges between the periphery of the impeller andthe diffusion chamber in the casing of the pump.V Bumps of this general type have also been constructed in which the passages or buckets of the impeller are caused to alternately pass over air and water ports. Then too,

pumps have been so made that the impeller is provided with an opening into the ,Water passage thereof, the opening being placed between the center and the rim of the impeller for the admission of steam or air or a mixture thereof, the water in this case being admitted at the center' or aXis of the pump, as is customary in the ordinary centrifugal pump.

Now in carrying out my invention, I provide a pump withA an impeller having a series' of vanes or blades providing channels or passages which at their inner ends, are open at all times to an air or vapor chamber provided centrally of the impeller within the pump casing. I also provide means for rejecting-jets of water through this air orl vapor chamber .into the channels or passages of the impeller so that thereare alternate slugs of water and air which by the centrifugal action of the impeller in the revolu-' tion thereof, are caused to pass through these passages, wherein of course the air is compressed and delivered with the `water into the diifusion chamber surrounding the impeller in the pump casing. Furthermore, the blades or vanes of the impeller according to my invention, are preferably so shaped as to restrict `the size or cross sectional area of the channels or passages at the periphery ofthe impeller, Whereby'the resultant absolute velocity of the water discharge is made as low as possible.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is a central vertical section illustrating a centrifugal pump constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a cross section on line fr, Fig. 1. Fig. 3is a cross section of the water inlet pipe showing the discharge orifices so constructed as to permit the water flowing therethroughr to be ejected baclrwardly relatively to the direction of rotation of the impeller. Fig. Il is a section similarl to Fig. 3,'

with the exception that the discharge oritices are inclined in the opposite direction. Fig. 5 is a partial cross section of the impeller wheel, showing the'passageways therein diminishing uniformly from their inlet to their outlet points, and Fig. G is a partial 'cross section showing a further modification of the impeller wheel wherein the passageways are of a uniform area throughouttheir 'entire length. x

Referring to the drawing, 10 indicates the pump casing which is mounted on a suitable base 11 and provided with a discharge outlet 12 preferably located at the top of the ycasing. The casing is provided with the usual volute discharge chamber increasing in sectional area as the discharge outlet 12 is approached, and one side of the casing is preferably open and provided with a face 13 against which a side plate 14 is secured byv bolts or any other suitable means. In the side plate 14, there is a water inlet 154 terminating in a closed end wall 16, adjacent to which in the walls of the water inlet 15,

there is a series of apertures or orifices indicated at 17.. l

18 designates an air or vapor inlet communicating with a ,chamber 19 which surrounds -tlle inner end of the water inlet 15.

QO'Vdesignates the impeller member which as illustrated, is provided with a hub Q1 `.in which a shaft 22 is keyed, the shaft 22 beployed for producing an air-tight joint between the .drive shaft and its bearing, and furthermore,that the shaft andv its impeller may be driven f from any suitable source of indicated at-2'6"providing therein a chamber.

' of samediameter asthe=air or vapor l' chamber' 19-and"'with which 'it' is in direct y.comr'nunication.l 'Between' thejwalls 27, 28,

: j" tion lof the impeller in order to reduce the. 1` averagefviv-elocitjprof the water as discharged from the impeller. These blades 29 lbetween the' Walls-27, 28,- provide channels or pasof vt'lie'impeller V2O, lthere are spaced apart vanesorblades indicated at 29." 'These blades preferably runfrom a pointatj,}the outside limit ofthe air lamber Withinthe impeller to the 'periphei hereof and'are curved bacliwardly relative vto the direction of rotasages indicated at 30 and adjacent to .the

' peripheifydoff-thev impeller, the blades 29 on corresponding f'sfades thereof are preferably 'thickened or made heavier as indicated atv 31, whereby -the'passages or channels 30 are gradually restricted in cross section ad'acent to the peri-plreryof the impeller,",where y the average velocityofthe water ajs'discharged from the impeller relatively 'to, the periphceived and rotatedin a groove providedj therefor l in' the adjacent lwall of'thefcasing 10,' and the other` to be received and revolved in a4 similar groove or recess-34 provided therefor-in ,the plate 14, so as' to-'effect a water seal between the impeller and these partsof the pump.

t' Now in the operation of the pump,l water is supplied to .the water inletf15 at atmospheric pressureor a pressure slightly greater and the air or vapor is admitted at the inlet 18, passing thrdugh the sam'e into the chamber-19 and theadjacent chamber in the im peller. The water within the inlet 15'is ejected with some considerable velocity through the apertures 17 whichv are prefer ably rectangular.v rllhe jets of water thus issuing through'the apertures 17 "are directed through' the vair or vapor chamber each against a fixed circumferentially restricted portion of the Zone surrounding the center of the wheel at which the inner ends of the channels or passages 30 open to said chamber, sojthat :within thesechannels or passages there are -alternate slugs of air and water -which by the centrifugal action caused by the rotary movement of the impeller, are forced to the, periphery thereof through these channels, the air being compressedand discharged with the Water from,Y the said Nowone-sidefof the impeller V20 'is open'has i channels 3Q-into the *diffusion chamber 435 communicating withthe discharge outlet `connection:12.' Itvwill also be understood that the pump hereinbefore described may be utilized asa compressor orsimply as a steam condenser, Without departing from the nature andl spirit of my invention. It will also be obviousthat'if desired, this pump may be utilized to act both as a tail pump andair pump, in which instance the tail water'of a jet condenser is handledby the pumpand the blades or vanes of the impeller are so designed as to take care of the larger volume of water at a lower velocity.

`The pump may also be employed as a condenser and air pump by delivering the entirevolume of exhaust steam to the-vapor chamber and passages of the pump, and supplying sufficient water to condense the same,

in which case the number and arrangement of water jets would be modified to meet the working con itions, and in some instances it may be desirablev to so construct the vanes or blades that the channels or passages in the impeller are of uniform cross section throughout their entire length.

It may 'be pointed out in regard to the effect of contracting the outlet orilices of the impeller that bending the passages back- Wardly decreases the angle" which the path of the Waterinalres as it leaves the wheel which assists to decrease the absolute velocity of the w-ater leaving the impeller. Furthermore the passages of the impeller may be laid out as evolutes of a circle concentric with the shaft, such passages being of equal width at all points as illustrated: in Fig. G,

orr these passagesmay be laid out on such a.'

impeller as shown in Fig. 6. ,Furthermore the orifices through which the water is ejected from the Water chamber into the air y chamber may be inclined either forward as illustrated in Fig. 4 or-backward as shown in Fig. 3 instead of being radially disposed as hereinbefore described. rlVhen the water jets are directed backwardly relative to the rotation of the pump, the water would enter the passages of the impeller with great velocity relatively to the latter and if the Water jets are directed forwardly the water would. enter the passages of the impeller with a'lower velocity relatively to the latter. I wish it also understood that this pump may-be used as a reaction turbine producing power from air or other gas under pressure,

vin lwhich case of course the water must be water leaves the wheel, is utilized to the best advantage to help turn the wheel; that is to say,-the energy in the water, as it enters the impeller wheel, and that transferred to it by giving it a high rotative velocity, is restored to the wheel when the water leaves the latter. My improved pumpv therefore operates like a combined impulse and 'reaction water turbine and in fact could be operated without applying external power to the shaft of the'impeller wheel, provided of course thatthe water enters the pump under a sufficiently high head.

l claim as ,my invention:

I. A pump comprising a casing, a central liquid supply"having.an aperture for lateral discharge, an air chamber around the liquid .supply and a revoluble impeller around andv spaced `from the liquid supply and Ksurroundl'uig the air chamber and having a :series of channels therein opening into `said air chamber, whereby said channels take air when the entrances thereto are. n'ot in? radial line with the lateral vliquid discharge, l

while those in radial line therewithfsimultaneously take the liquid.

2. A pump comprising a casing,l a central liquid supply having an aperture for; lateral discharge, the extent of which aperture circumferentially of the supply pipeA is materially less than the circumference of the supply pipe, an air chamber around the liquid supply and a revoluble impeller around and spaced from said liquid supply and surrounding the airA chamber and having a series of channels therein opening into the said air chamber, whereby said channels take air when the ,entrances theretoare not in radial line with the lateral liquid discharge, while those in radial line therewith simultaneously take theliquid Y 3. A pump comprising a casing, a 'central' liquid supply having an aperture for lateral discharge, an air chamber around the liquid supply, an annular peripheral discharge and arevoluble impeller around and spaced from said liquid supply and surrounding the air chamber and within the an nular peripheral discharge and having a series channels therein opening into-said' air chamber and all of said parts being in a common plane, whereby said channels take air when the entrances thereto are not in radial line with the lateral liquid discharge, while those in radial line therewith simul taneously take the liquid.

4. A pump comprising a casing, a central liquid supply pipe with a closed end and adjacent aperture for lateral discharge, an ai-'r chamber around the liquid suppl-y and a revoluble impeller around and spaced from said liquid supply and surrounding the air chamber and having a series of channels therein which open into said air chamber, whereby said 4channels take air when the entrances thereto are not in radial line with the extentof which circumferentially of the l.

supply pipe is materially less than the circumference of the supply pipe, an air chamber around the liquid supply, an annular peripheral "discharge and a revoluble impeller around and spaced from said liquid supply pipe and surrounding the air chamber and within the annular peripheral discharge, said revoluble impeller having a series of channels therein, which open into the said. air chamber' and all of Vsaid parts being in a common planefwhereby said channels take air when .the entrances thereto are not in radial line with the lateral liquid discharge, while those in radial line therewith simultaneously take the liquid.

v6. A pump omprising a casing,- a central liquid supply pipe with a closed end having a plurality lof :spaced apart apertures for lateral discharge, the collective extent of which circumferentially of the supply pipe vis less than :the circumference of: the supplypipe, an air chamber around the liquid supplyan annular peripheral discharge and a revoluble impeller .around vand spaced from said liquid suppl pipe rand surrounding the air chamber an withiuthe annular peripheral discharge, said revoluble impeller having a series of channels vtherein which open into the said air chamber, whereby said channels take air when the entrances thereto'are not in radial line with the lateral liquid discharge, while those in radial line therewith simultaneously take the liquid. f

7. A pump comprising a casing, a central liquidv supply pipe with a closed end having at least two oppositely disposed apertures for lateral discharges, the collective extent of which circumferentially of the supply pipe is materially less than the circumfer ence of the supply pipe, an air inlet and air chamber around the liquid supply and a revoluble impeller around and `spaced 'from said liquid supply and surrounding said air chamber and having a series of channels 'los therein which open into the said air chamber,

ber and which channelsare restricted adjacent to the periphery of the impeller, whereby said channels take air when the entrances thereto are not in radial line with the laterall liquid discharge, whilev those in 'radial lineV therewith simultaneously take the liquid.

9J A pump comprising a casing, a central liquid supply vipe with a closed end having a plurality oi) spaced apart apertures for lateral discharge, the collective extent of .which circumferentially of the supply pi e is less than the circumference of the supp Ay pipe, an air ,chamber around the liquid sup-- ply, an annular peripheral discharge and a revoluble impeller around and spaced from; .said liquid supply pipe and surrounding the air chamberand within the annular peripheral discharge, said revoluble impeller hav-- 'ing a series of channels therein which open into said air chamber, and which channels are restricted adjacent to the periphery of the impeller, whereby said channels take air when the entrances thereto are not in radial line with the lateral liquid discharge, While those in radial line therewith simultaneously take the liquid;

10. Alpump comprising acasing, a central liquid supply having an aperture for lateral discharge, an air chamber around the liquid supply, and a revoluble impeller around and spaced from the liquid supply'and surrounding the air chamberv and having a series of e channels therein opening into said air chamspaced from lthe liquid supply and surrounding the air chamber and having a series of channels therein, which are curved backwardly, relative to the direction of rotation of the impeller and open into -said air chamber, ywhereby said channels take air when the entrances thereto vare` intermediate the apertures of the centra-l liquid sup ly, while those opposite said apertures simultaneously take the liquid.

v12. A pump comprising .a casing, a cent-ral liquid supply having an aperture for lateral discharge, an air chamber around the `liquid supply,and a revoluble impeller around and spaced from the liquid Supply and surrounding the air chamber and having a series of channels therein, whose exit apertures are of less areathan their entrances, -so that the said channels are gradually restrictedl in ycross section', adjacent to the periphery of the impeller, whereby the average velocity of the water,- as discharged from the impeller relatively to theimpeller, is increased s0 that the absolute velocity of the water,l as discharged from the impeller, is made as low as possible.

13. A pump comprising a casing, a central liquid supply -pipe witha closed end having at least two oppositely disposed apertures for lateral discharges," the collective extent of which circumferentially of the supply pipe is materially less than the circumfer-i enceof the supply pipe, an air inlet and air chamber around the' liquid supply, and a revoluble impeller around and spaced from said liquid supply and surrounding said air chamber and having a series of channels therein, which open into the said air chambei', the entrance area of any one of the channelsof the'revoluble conveyerbeing less than the area of either of the apertures of the supply pipe, whereby the liquid laterally discharged is of such volume as to completely fill each of said channels with a slug of liquid, as the same comes into position.

Signed by methis 3rd day of January eno. H. GrBsoN.

' Witnesses: ARTHUR H. SERRELL, BERTHA M. ALLEN. 

